GIS technology is fundamental to this project as it has extended
the analytical processes by integrating geographic and alphanumeric
data, and provided a forum in which to draw together the diverse
data sets.
The need for a highly formalised language, in order to avoid ambiguities
and misunderstandings led, in 1995, to the choice of SGML (Standard
Generalized Markup Language) - and later of XML (eXtensible Markup
Language) - as the most suitable method for encoding the yearly
excavation diaries in hypertext format. The SGML encoding procedure
is independent of hardware and software, and therefore guarantees
the easy transfer of files to different systems. Furthermore,
the use of open exchange format files and the modular structure
of the GIS, customised with scripting languages, have maintained
the capacity for cross-platform interoperability. The choice of
commonly available software - such as AutoCAD® (Autodesk),
ArcView® (ESRI) and Access® (Microsoft) - for the processing
of both alphanumeric and geographic data has accomplished this
task. Additionally, the adoption of an on-line GIS, using MapGuide
software, has helped to increase the level of interoperability
and has created the paradigm for Internet-based research.
In shorts, the Caere Project has produced numerous instances of
computing archaeology:
- Defining a dynamic model capable of understanding complex
realities, as the opposite of a static model of information retrieving
and query.
- Creating an integrated information system, containing not
only the description of data as collected, but also their interpretative
framework.
- Standardising the archaeological records by applying a
formal standard for data encoding, with the potential to enable
large quantities of textual information to be handled in a structured
manner.
- Representing the relationship between empirical and theoretical
data, and between observation and interpretation, using multiple
models which reconstruct the content and the process of scientific
knowledge.